NEEDS OF THE ELDER

The needs of the elder are identified basicaly by two models:

Pyramid of Maslow's human needs: 

The physiological needs are in the base and are ascending hereby: safety need, need of social acceptance, need of auto esteem and need of self help.

14 Fundamental Needs of Human of Virginia Henderson

1.      Breathe normally                                                           

2.      Eat and drink adequately

3.      Eliminate body wastes

4.      Move and maintain desirable postures

5.      Sleep and rest

6.      Select suitable clothes—dress and undress

7.      Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying the environment

8.      Keep the body clean and well groomed and protect the integument

9.      Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others

10.  Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions

11.  Worship according to one’s faith

12.  Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment

13.  Play or participate in various forms of recreation

14. Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities.

To sum up I will talk about the stages of the nursing process as applied to Henderson’s definition of nursing and to the 14 components of basic nursing care.

Nursing Process	Henderson’s 14 components and definition of nursing
Nursing Assessment	Henderson’s 14 components
Nursing Diagnosis	Analysis: Compare data to knowledge base of health and disease.
Nursing plan	Identify individual’s ability to meet own needs with or without assistance, taking into consideration strength, will or knowledge.
Nursing implementation	Document how the nurse can assist the individual, sick or well.
Nursing implementation	Assist the sick or well individual in to performance of activities in meeting human needs to maintain health, recover from illness, or to aid in peaceful death.
Nursing process	Implementation based on the physiological principles, age, cultural background, emotional balance, and physical and intellectual capacities. Carry out treatment prescribed by the physician.
Nursing evaluation	Henderson’s 14 components and definition of nursing Use the acceptable definition of ;nursing and appropriate laws related to the practice of nursing. The quality of care is drastically affected by the preparation and native ability of the nursing personnel rather that the amount of hours of care. Successful outcomes of nursing care are based on the speed with which or degree to which the patient performs independently the activities of daily living

Comparison with Maslow's Hierarchy of Need

Maslow's	Henderson
Physiological needs	Breathe normally Eat and drink adequately Eliminate by all avenues of elimination Move and maintain desirable posture Sleep and rest Select suitable clothing Maintain body temperature Keep body clean and well groomed and protect the integument
Safety Needs	Avoid environmental dangers and avoid injuring other
Belongingness and love needs	Communicate with others worship according to one's faith
Esteem needs	Work at something providing a sense of accomplishment Play or participate in various forms of recreation Learn, discover, or satisfy curiosity

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1.THEORIES IN NURSING [quoted the 17/04/2013] available on:

http://theoriesinnursing.blogspot.com.es/2012/05/14-basic-human-needs.html

2.V HENDERSON [quoted the 17/04/2013] available on:

http://vhenderson2011.blogspot.com.es/p/key-concepts.html

3. - HOFFMAN, Gloria Basic Geriatric Nursing 5th Edition. Elsevier 2012.